Deformation mechanisms in polymer-clay nanocomposites.

機譯：聚合物-粘土納米復合材料的變形機理。

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Nanoscale control of structure in polymer nanocomposites is critical for their performance but has been difficult to investigate systematically due to lack of suitable experimental model. This thesis investigated roles of various structural parameters in layered polymer-montmorillonite (MTM) clay nanocomposites manufactured using a layer-by-layer (LBL) technique. A continuum-based constitutive model was developed to predict the stress-strain response of the nanocomposites at low strain-rates.;The systematic control over the nano-structure using the LBL method allowed an investigation of role of parameters like nanoparticle volume fraction, nanoparticle layer separation, nanoparticle layer stratification and interface between the polymer and nanoparticles. A series of polyurethane (PU)-MTM nanocomposites with a wide range of volume fractions of MTM nanoparticles was manufactured by varying the MTM layer separation. The nanocomposites demonstrated an increasing yield strength and stiffness with increased MTM volume fraction. A transition from ductile to brittle behavior was observed at a high volume fraction of nanoparticles and a critical nanoparticle separation was found to exist, below which brittle behavior dominated the response of the nanocomposites. The presence of nanoparticle stratified layer was believed to provide an additional slip mechanism, resulting in increased ductility. The interface between the polymer and the nanoparticle layers was altered by incorporating polyacrylic acid (PAA) using an exponential (e)-LBL method. The presence of a stronger interface resulted in enhanced stiffness and strength in the nanocomposites.;For the development of the constitutive model, the nanocomposite volume was assumed to be occupied by multi-layers of bulk polymer and effective particles consisting of MTM layers and a modified PU interphase region in proximity to MTM layers. A hyperelastic model was used to capture the response of bulk polymer. The effective particle component of the model consisted of a linear elastic spring, a viscoplastic dash-pot and a non-linear spring element to capture the initial elastic response, yield strength and strain-hardening response, respectively. The model predicted all the major features of the uniaxial stress-strain constitutive response of a family of PU-MTM nanocomposites, thus confirming the efficacy of the proposed constitutive model.

機譯：聚合物納米復合材料的結構的納米級控制對其性能至關重要，但由于缺乏合適的實驗模型而難以進行系統的研究。本文研究了各種結構參數在使用層層（LBL）技術制造的層狀聚合物-蒙脫土（MTM）粘土納米復合材料中的作用。建立了基于連續體的本構模型，以預測低應變速率下納米復合材料的應力-應變響應。使用LBL方法對納米結構進行系統控制，可以研究納米顆粒體積分數，納米顆粒等參數的作用層分離，納米顆粒層分層以及聚合物和納米顆粒之間的界面。通過改變MTM層的間距，可以制造出一系列具有廣泛體積分數的MTM納米顆粒的聚氨酯（PU）-MTM納米復合材料。納米復合材料顯示出隨著MTM體積分數的增加而增加的屈服強度和剛度。在納米顆粒的高體積分數下觀察到了從延展性到脆性行為的轉變，并且發現存在臨界納米顆粒分離，在此之下，脆性行為主導了納米復合材料的響應。據信，納米顆粒分層層的存在提供了另外的滑動機理，導致延展性增加。通過使用指數（e）-LBL方法摻入聚丙烯酸（PAA），可以改變聚合物和納米顆粒層之間的界面。較強的界面的存在導致納米復合材料的剛度和強度增強。;對于本構模型的開發，假定納米復合材料的體積被多層本體聚合物和由MTM層和改性后組成的有效顆粒占據。接近MTM層的PU相間區域。使用超彈性模型來捕獲本體聚合物的響應。該模型的有效顆粒成分由線性彈性彈簧，粘塑性阻尼罐和非線性彈簧元件組成，分別捕獲初始彈性響應，屈服強度和應變硬化響應。該模型預測了PU-MTM納米復合材料家族的單軸應力-應變本構響應的所有主要特征，從而證實了所提出本構模型的有效性。

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作者
Kaushik, Amit K.;
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University of Michigan.;

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授予單位 University of Michigan.;
學科 Engineering Mechanical.
學位 Ph.D.
年度 2010
頁碼 146 p.
總頁數 146
原文格式 PDF
正文語種 eng
中圖分類
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Deformation mechanisms in polymer-clay nanocomposites.

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